The big alarm on October, 5th 41st (Sunday, 106th day
The big alarm on October, 5th 41st (Sunday, 106th day
Wars).
George Zhukov, answering a question, with what battle Great
Patriotic War at it the deepest experiences are connected,
Has named the Moscow fight, and especially week from October, 6 till October, 13th. And
Member of the Military council of the Moscow military district and at that time
The Moscow zone of defence Konstantin Telegin concretised
Zhukov. He assured, that long before Stalingrada and the Kursk arch
The destiny of all country was solved by two days - on October, 5th and 6, 1941.
The same days for ever were engraved in the memory also to the author of these lines -
To the direct participant of events and the cadet Podolsk
Military school.
To pilots have not believed.
On the night of October, 5th the State committee of defence, to which
All power in the country belonged, the decision on protection makes
Moscow. Now, when the Vjazemsky line of defence has appeared
Broken through on all extent, the main boundary of resistance was
The Mozhaisk line is defined. However, its readiness did not exceed
Fifty percent, was not at the Rate and sufficient reserves for
Its employment. Besides the rate did not own a situation.
There was not clear a scope storming some days
"Typhoon" as Hitler has named it is war battle.
Several hours earlier the Fuhrer has acted on meeting in
The Berlin Sport oriental carpet, met by triumph of huge weight
People. It was its the first from the beginning of "east campaign" public
Performance.
- In these hours, - it proclaimed, - in the east occur
Grandiose events. Forty eight hours the new is conducted
Operation of huge scales. It will lead to the definitive
To destruction of the enemy in the east.
These words in our management preferred to regard as
Usual propaganda exaggeration.
... Early in the morning that drama day during the usual
barrazhirovanija group of fighters of the Moscow military district
Has found out the big motorised column of a head part,
Approaching to JUhnovu on so-called Warsaw highway,
Bringing through Maloyaroslavets and Podolsk to Moscow with
The southwest.
The data informed by pilots, in the Joint Staff
Were represented so improbable, that it it is simple
Have refused to believe. In department Lavrentija Berija them have counted
If not provocative, the alarmist. The cautious chief
The Joint Staff marshal Shaposhnikov before to report on the happened
To Stalin, has ordered to recheck the arrived data once again.
Have rechecked, having flown by over a column so low, that
It was possible to see not only crosses on cases of tanks, but also them
Numbers. What doubts - Germans can be!
In the light of the information which the Joint Staff had, occurrence
The large mechanised forces of Germans in this area was
Really big and terrible unexpectedness, as
To close a dangerous gap on approaches to Moscow there was nothing. Still to
The report to Stalin the chief of staff MVO general I.S.Belov and a member
K.F.Telegin's military council, having incurred a considerable share
Responsibility, lift on alarm two military schools,
Settling down in Podolsk situated near Moscow just on ways
Promotions of the mechanised column of Germans.
In some minutes - a call from Stalin. Whether data are reliable
Pilots? Whether provocation? Having received assurances, that errors are not present,
The Supreme notices:
- Well. Continue to operate resolutely. Collect all,
That can be thrown on the Mozhaisk line. It is necessary to win time, and
There necessary forces will be brought.
Stalin meant put forward by railway echelons
Armies from the Far East and from Central Asia.
To win time! It how much? Some days? Week? Month? But
Stalin you will not ask. It is necessary to collect and throw all, that
Probably, in ognedyshashchuju a battle funnel.
"Red the cadet" enter battle.
This very day after a dinner both Podolsk schools, infantry and
Artillery, have been lifted on fighting alarm. They should
Urgently to be put forward in area of Maloyaroslavets, to occupy fighting
Site on the left flank of the Mozhaisk line of defence. But first of all
It was necessary to rush forth advance parties to detain any
By Germans to readiness of defence.
The infantry school allocates in an advance party artillery
Summary battalion which is ordered for ordering to captain Rosikovu
- To one of teachers of cadets among which there was also I.
Our school - on horse draught, cars is necessary
To mobilise in Podolsk. Tools it is taken away in uchebno-fighting
Park, urgently resulting them in an efficient status.
Generally, the military school to fight conducting is not intended. To
To the same the majority of cadets of an older year were already ahead of schedule
Are let out, from us, seventeen-year-old "salag", it is good, if who
Has studied couple of months. But now it doesn't matter. Time
Throw in battle last reserve - cadets of schools - means,
Conditions develop the critical.
I do not remember, that meeting was held. What for? And without the special
Appeals clearly - on us special hope. As speak confidentially
Our commanders, hope of companion Stalin.
... Deaf dark night. A cold bad weather: a rain mixed
With snow grains. Deserted road. The rare shipped in darkness
Villages. Summer lightnings of fires blazing in the distance. A black bulk any
Cathedral in Maloyaroslavets. And - feeling of insulting bewilderment. Yes as
So could occur? After all this heart of Russia, the earth of ancestors.
Why here there were they, ominous tanks with direct crosses,
Towards to which we move?
By the morning the advance party has reached the rivers Ugra and to a descent attacked already
The forwarded divisions of the opponent. As it was then found out,
It was avant-guard of one of divisions of 4th tank group (army)
The opponent, finishing an environment of several our armies under
Vyazma. Desperate attack young "red cadets" was for Germans
Perfect unexpectedness, and they have been superseded for Ugru.
But it was only the beginning of the first test of cadets. Ahead
There were some heavy days of a withdrawal under blows of tanks, almost
Continuous bombardments - on the Ilinsky site of the Mozhaisk line,
Where the basic forces of schools were developed. Two weeks bearing the big
Losses, Podolsk cadets defended a boundary. In many years it
It will be named by a feat of Podolsk cadets. We so not
Considered. Have simply really helped to win time.
In those two weeks from operative maps in German staffs not
The inscription descended: "two ill-starred junkerskih schools".
But these events at JUhnova had also other consequences.
George Zhukov accepts blow.
That autumn day became really rotary in polkovodcheskoj
George Zhukov's to destiny.
On October, 5th Stalin calls to a direct line of the commander
The Leningrad front.
- Whether you can arrive to Moscow?
The leader is disturbed by "conditions complication" on the left wing
The western front at JUhnova. Stalin's words sound almost as
The request. That it is unusual to it.
However, unusual in its behaviour and the relation to people in those
Critical days there was much.
In the first week of war it without hesitation discharges command
The western front, and orders to shoot it, than only later
Aggravates defeat consequences. On same Western front,
Which colonel general Konev now orders, developed
Even more terrible conditions which could lead the enemy
To capital walls. But Stalin does not hurry up this time to repair
Punishment. The sad lesson of such decisions, probably, has gone for the future.
But, maybe, the omnipotent dictator starts to understand and that,
That the reason of defeat of such scale not only and, probably, not
It is so much in inability and cowardice of commanders. It is covered
Much more deeply. Because and consequences can be much more dangerous.
Calling Zhukov from Leningrad, Stalin has told nothing about the purpose
This decision. Whether the new responsible post waits for the general?
Or the problem charged to it will be connected by that it remains
Member of the Rate? Or it call as the recent commander
Reserve front suffering severe defeat, which it
Has been compelled to pass marshal Budyonny only a month ago?
Zhukov has hardly closed eyes on the night of 6th October on the eve of
Meetings with the ruthless leader. Anyway, it should
To have a presentiment of abrupt change of the polkovodcheskoj, and can
To be, and not only polkovodcheskoj destinies.
Next day Zhukov was at the leader. Stalin was ill. Probably, it
There was an illness only superficially resembling a flu or cold,
Which amazed many dictators and the lords during the moment
Mental shocks. Time and again this syndrome was observed and at
Stalin.
Zhukov yet has not received any new purpose. To it
It was entrusted to understand personally with conditions on Western and
Reserve fronts and, in case of need, to take measures the power
The representative of the Rate.
But it by then already was absolutely insufficiently.
Drastic measures for restoration were required resolute,
The broken up front of defence in dangerous affinity from Moscow. Certainly
Could not be and speeches about any original strategic
Decisions in which it could be shown polkovodcheskoe talent
The talented military leader. First of all it was required at any cost
To brake advancement of the opponent to Moscow, to organise the strong
Defence on Mozhaisk a boundary to regain control of armies.
The talent of the organizer, iron will, rigid were for this purpose necessary
Relentless insistence - qualities which Zhukov possessed
More, than any of other military leaders of the top echelon
Managements.
On October, 13th Zhukov becomes ordering Western front, in
Which structure rests disbanded Reserve have entered.
Now all responsibility has laid down on it.
Destinies of commanders: unexpected turns.
Another in the future the well-known commander, for now the little-known
The commander of 16th army Konstantin Rokossovsky this day, on
To being, loses the armies. By order of the commander of front
It passes I.Koneva them in structure of 20th army of general F.Ershakova,
And itself with army management should already to morning of next day
To arrive to area of Vyazma, that from the separated available there
Connections to create actually new army from which it was necessary
Not only to stop Germans, but also to prepare counterstroke in
Direction JUhnova.
However, the armies intended for Rokossovsky near Vyazma
It has not appeared. As cavalrymen spoke, there was a commander
"bezloshadnym". Armies already the former 16th army, passed
Ershakovu together with 20th and other armies of the Western front, have got
In Vjazemsky "copper" also have divided there their bitter destiny.
Difficultly something to explain Konev's strange order. About it deafly
Historians and authors of memoirs speak. Anyway, on him
The press of accruing chaos in management of front armies lays.
It is difficult to tell also, that expected the future glorified marshal
Rokossovsky, it appear it in an environment together with the armies.
The destiny protected it for the future victories and glory. In a week
Rokossovsky has started collecting of armies for new 16th army
Already on Volokolamsk a direction. So for the future
Victorious battles has been rescued and too become by marshal I.Konev.
Despite the suffered severe defeat, it remained on that
The Western front assistant Zhukov, and in some days
Has accepted command of new Kalininsky front. Destiny this time
Has acted in shape of the painful, undersized person with
World renowned moustaches on the person touched by pockmarks and
The unlimited power to punish and pardon any in the country.
The Moscow Bolsheviks prepare an underground.
On October, 5th in strictly protected building of the Moscow united
City and regional party committee on a call of the first
Secretary Alexander ShCherbakova there have arrived executives
The Moscow management of People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs. Differing punctuality
The party secretary was late this time. It was on
Session of the State committee of defence, that is at Stalin.
Come back after a while in Scherbak's office
Looked disturbed.
- On a case of the worst... - he has told going to and has made
Pause, as though not daring to continue. It was clear to all: the worst
- Loss of Moscow.
Having mastered excitement, Scherbaks accepted in a circle of the party
Managements of dry business tone spoke about things unprecedented, about
Than and to think still yesterday it was terrible. The decision to begin is accepted
Preparation of group of party workers for transition to the illegal
Position in Moscow. The People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs should provide the professional
The problem party: manufacturing of absolutely reliable false
Documents, working out of plausible legends of cover
Underground workers, preparation javochnyh and secret apartments,
Maintenance of acts of terrorism against the occupational authorities and
Nazi top the poisons, special means of blasting.
However, all necessary for these actions and rich
Experience of special service of department Lavrentija Berija possessed. Besides
Explosives in a considerable quantity were required and for
Another. Mass blasting and destruction in fires prepared
Large objects of a city. In the list presented to Stalin
Planned "victims" the largest enterprises of a city appeared.
Power stations, the underground, stations, a building of the Central telegraph.
For a mining the Bolshoi theatre, MKhAT where could have been appointed
To be spent celebrations on the occasion of a capture of Bolshevist capital,
Luxurious hotels and restaurants, even the Moscow temples, switching on
Vasily's cathedral Blissful.
For performance of this volume of destructions it was supposed
Attraction diversionno-prospecting Separate
Motor-rifle battalion of special function (OMSBON),
Moscow stadium "Dynamo" formed in territory.
In especially deep secret the personal prepared
Acts of terrorism against visible military and political
Figures of a Reich and the Fuhrer, which as believed, not
Will fail to celebrate falling of Bolshevist capital in most
To Moscow.
In the same days the destiny of Moscow was solved also by Hitler. No, it not
Intended to enter Moscow, like Napoleon of 129 years to that
Back. It was forbidden to armies to pass a line of the ring iron
Roads. Not only from fear of the big victims in street fights and on
Mines. For Moscow Hitler prepared much more terrible fate. It
Should be srovnena with the earth, and, whenever possible, and
It is flooded. And any capitulation it will not be accepted. The population
Megacity it will be exterminated by hunger, illnesses, artillery
Bombardments and bombardments.
Tempted the Fuhrer and other plan - to open to the population an exit from
Moscow so that the people who have terrified for horror have rushed, pressing the friend
The friend, from a city, bearing with itself a panic and chaos.
So both dictators solved destiny of a great city.
To protect Moscow meant not only to keep the largest
Political and country industrial centre, the site vital
Communications but also to rescue from inevitable б destruction the greatest
Cultural, historical values of Russian people and all
Mankind to save a life to millions people.
* * *.
On October, 5th - only one day from 1418 taken away by history on
The most terrible war which has been gone through by mankind. In total twenty
Four hours... It was not day of victorious battle. On the contrary -
It was day of our defeat if to judge on military reports
Both parties. We lost many thousand people, the whole armies, hundreds
Human settlements. But also they it is irreversible spent the main
Resource of lightning war - time.
The final analysis that day was not clear yet. But it is equal through two
Month German approach will definitively exhaust, and vermaht,
Having approached closely to walls of Moscow, not having been in time at all to stop,
Begins to recede under blows of the Soviet armies. It yet was not
Crisis in war. But its vector changed a direction. From the east on
The West.
From defeat to the Victory.
Peter LEBEDEV.
//* an information Source: Republic Tatarstan, 4.10.01
//* Reg. Nom. - 1111000079.33-------------------------------------------
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